The Global Compact for Migration (GCM), adopted by the United Nations in December 2018, is the first intergovernmental agreement to comprehensively address all aspects of international migration. It provides a framework for safe, orderly, and regular migration while upholding national sovereignty. With 23 objectives, the GCM emphasizes human rights, border management, labor migration, and combating human trafficking. Though non-legally binding, it fosters international cooperation and shared responsibility among nations.

Despite global recognition of Indigenous knowledge in climate adaptation and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Indigenous perspectives remain largely absent from migration policies. Indigenous women migrants, in particular, face systemic discrimination at every stage—before departure, while abroad, and upon return. Achieving true climate justice requires migration policies that recognize Indigenous peoples as key rights-holders, ensuring their protection and meaningful participation in decision-making.

At the 2nd Asia-Pacific Regional Review of the GCM, hosted by ESCAP and the UN Regional Network on Migration for Asia and the Pacific, Ladipma Kirati, Program Officer at the National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF), represented Indigenous women’s voices. She underscored the urgent need for migration policies that reflect Indigenous realities, advocating for a rights-based approach that safeguards Indigenous migrant workers from exploitation and exclusion. NIWF remains committed to ensuring that the struggles, voices, and demands of Indigenous migrant women are heard at the global level.