Indigenous women of Nepal face multiple forms of discrimination. Indigenous women, being indigenous peoples, face racial, linguistic, religious, cultural, economic, political discrimination and exclusion. Also, indigenous women, being women, face gender discrimination. Thus, indigenous women are victimized by ideologies, policies and practices of Bahunbad (Brahmanism) and patriarchy.
Empowerment and strengthening of indigenous women is a must to end all forms of racial and gender discrimination, exploitation, suppression and oppression against indigenous women. Acceptance of multi-caste and ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious and multi-cultural reality of Nepali society by the people’s movement of 1990 has indeed paved a way for non-governmental organizations to contribute for empowerment and strengthening of indigenous peoples, women and other excluded groups and communities. There was growing realization for a need of organized efforts by indigenous women to make development programs for women and indigenous peoples successful, to organize and empower indigenous women from local to national levels on common issues of women, and to work for equity and equality by having common objectives on women’s common issues. It was in this backdrop that the National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF) was founded in 1998.
There are not only common problems and issues of indigenous women and other women and also of indigenous women and indigenous men but also distinct problems and issues that are unique to indigenous women. Therefore, the National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF) was established to support and raise awareness of indigenous women, to intensify advocacy for securing rights of indigenous women and indigenous children, and to run programs with focus on advocacy, training, discussion, interaction, study, and research as needed.
On 8th September 2024, the National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF) held a round table discussion to address the pressing issue of Indigenous Migrant Women, with a specific focus on the challenges faced by Indigenous Returnee Migrant Women (IRMW). The event was part of NIWF’s ongoing efforts to advocate for more inclusive policies and practices that recognize the unique circumstances of Indigenous women. The discussion was facilitated by Ms. Sabnam Lama and included presentations and an open dialogue between experts and participants. Ms. Mala Rai presented the key findings of NIWF’s research on IRMW, a study that used Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR). This approach ensured that the research was rooted in the lived experiences and voices of the women themselves, making their stories central to understanding the complex challenges they face. FPAR emphasizes collaboration with participants and empowers marginalized communities to play an active role in shaping research outcomes, rather than being passive subjects. Through this methodology, Ms. Rai and her team were able to capture the depth of the struggles faced by IRMW upon their return to Nepal, including economic instability, social isolation, and a severe lack of reintegration support. 
The session concluded with an open floor discussion, where participants, including activists, policymakers, and Indigenous women, provided feedback on the presentations. They shared experiences, discussed possible interventions, and offered recommendations. Many participants echoed the need for a more nuanced understanding of the intersectionality of gender, indigeneity, and migration in policy formulations. The discussion underscored the importance of developing comprehensive support systems for IRMW, such as mental health services, financial literacy training, and community-driven reintegration programs.
On September 1, 2024, National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF), in collaboration with Focus for Indigenous Girls (FIG) and with the support of MADRE, organized a 1-day Child Marriage Awareness Workshop at Sankhu Palubari Community School in Shankharapur Municipality, Kathmandu. This workshop aimed to raise awareness among young Indigenous girls about the impacts and risks associated with child marriage while fostering a supportive environment for them to share their thoughts and aspirations.
The workshop kicked off with a storytelling session, where participants listened to the story of a young girl grappling with the challenges of child marriage. After the storytelling session, the girls were divided into small groups for discussions. These groups were asked to engage in a thoughtful analysis of the story’s outcomes and explore how the girl's life might have been different had she been empowered to make her own decisions—particularly the decision to continue her education. The next activity, 'Art and Expression,' encouraged participants to use art supplies to create posters, drawings, or collages representing their aspirations. Each girl then explained her artwork to the group, reflecting on how child marriage could affect their goals and future ambitions. A critical component of the workshop was a presentation delivered by Ms. Manika Magar, member of Focus for Indigenous Girls (FIG). Ms. Magar’s presentation delved into the various risks and consequences of child marriage, both at a personal and societal level. She highlighted the negative health impacts associated with early pregnancies, including the increased risks of maternal and infant mortality, and the physical and emotional toll it takes on young girls. She also discussed the legal framework surrounding child marriage in Nepal, emphasizing that, although child marriage is illegal, it still persists in many communities due to entrenched cultural norms and economic pressures.
The workshop concluded with a sense of solidarity and empowerment among the participants. Through the combination of storytelling, discussion, and creative expression, the girls were not only educated about the dangers of child marriage but were also given the space to express their dreams and aspirations for the future.
The success of this workshop was evident in the feedback from the participants, who expressed gratitude for being part of a space where they could freely discuss their thoughts and share their personal goals. They left with a stronger understanding of their rights and the importance of education, armed with the knowledge to challenge the status quo in their communities. Through this impactful initiative, NIWF, FIG, and MADRE demonstrated their commitment to empowering Indigenous girls, fostering resilience, and contributing to the ongoing fight against child marriage in Nepal.
On 1st September, National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF) held a program titled "National Level Consultation on Beijing +30 Review from Indigenous Women's Perspectives." The program was facilitated by NIWF's Executive Director, Ms. Dwarika Thebe. The event commenced with a warm welcome and opening remarks from NIWF's Chairperson, Ms. Suni Lama, who took the opportunity to highlight the organization's extensive work and achievements over its 26-year history, emphasizing its commitment to Indigenous Women's rights and issues.
Ms. Chanda Thapa, the resource person for the event, then took the floor to deliver a detailed and insightful briefing on the 12 critical areas outlined in the Beijing +30 framework. Her presentation was both informative and analytical, providing the participants with a clear understanding of the global priorities under the Beijing +30 agenda. Ms. Thapa paid particular attention to the three key areas that NIWF plans to prioritize in its ongoing and future efforts: "Women in Power and Decision-Making," "Violence Against Women," and "Women in the Environment." She meticulously outlined the gaps and shortcomings in the review report submitted by the Government of Nepal, emphasizing how these deficiencies disproportionately affect Indigenous women. Her analysis brought to light the unique perspectives and needs of Indigenous Women within the broader Beijing +30 context, advocating for a more inclusive and representative approach in policy formulation and implementation.
Following the briefing, the participants were divided into three focused groups, each tasked with delving deeply into one of the critical areas identified by NIWF. These group discussions were intensive and collaborative, as participants explored the specific challenges, opportunities, and strategies related to their assigned themes. The discussions were rich with diverse viewpoints and grounded in the lived experiences of Indigenous women. The participants considered various factors, such as cultural, social, and economic barriers, that influence the roles and status of Indigenous women in each of these areas. After thorough deliberations, each group presented their findings to the larger assembly. These presentations sparked further discussions and provided a platform for a thoughtful exchange of ideas among all participants. The collective insights from these group discussions were not only informative but also instrumental in identifying actionable steps that NIWF can take moving forward.
This event marked a pivotal moment in NIWF's ongoing efforts to amplify the voices of Indigenous Women and ensure their concerns and aspirations are adequately represented in policy discussions. It reaffirmed NIWF's role as a leading advocate for Indigenous Women’s rights and highlighted the importance of inclusive and participatory approaches in addressing the complex and intersectional challenges faced by Indigenous Women in Nepal and beyond. As NIWF continues to engage with the Beijing +30 process, the outcomes of this consultation will serve as a foundational element in their work, guiding their efforts to achieve meaningful and lasting change for Indigenous Women across all spheres of life.
On August 13th, 2024, National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF) convened its 26th Annual General Meeting (AGM), marking a significant milestone in the organization’s commitment to advocating for the rights, of Indigenous Women and Girls across the nation. This event, held with much anticipation and participation from board members and general members, was a testament to NIWF’s growing influence and its pivotal role in addressing issues critical to Indigenous Communities. The AGM was chaired by Ms. Suni Lama, the Chairperson of NIWF, whose leadership has been instrumental in steering the organization through various challenges and achievements. In her opening remarks, Ms. Lama emphasized the importance of unity, resilience, and continued advocacy in the face of the ongoing struggles that Indigenous Women face, particularly in the realms of social justice, environmental sustainability, and cultural preservation. She also highlighted the importance of collective action in overcoming the systemic barriers that hinder the progress of Indigenous Communities.
Following the Chairperson's address, Ms. Man Maya Tamang, the General Secretary of NIWF, presented the Annual Progress Report for the fiscal year 2080-81. In her detailed presentation, Ms. Tamang highlighted the key achievements of the organization over the past year, which included successful advocacy campaigns, capacity-building programs, and partnerships that have significantly enhanced the visibility and impact of Indigenous Women in various sectors. She also acknowledged the challenges that NIWF faced, such as limited resources and the need for greater community engagement, but emphasized that these obstacles only strengthened the organization’s resolve to continue its mission. Ms. Tamang provided specific examples of NIWF's initiatives, including the implementation of grassroots projects aimed at empowering Indigenous Women through education, economic opportunities. She also noted the organization’s role in influencing policy at both local and national levels, particularly in areas related to Indigenous rights, climate change, and biodiversity conservation. The report underscored NIWF's commitment to ensuring that the voices of Indigenous Women are heard and respected in all spheres of society.
Following the presentation of the Annual Progress Report, Ms. Sushila Maya Gole, the Treasurer of NIWF, took the stage to deliver the Annual Financial Report. Her presentation provided a comprehensive overview of the organization’s financial health, including a breakdown of expenditures, funding sources, and financial management strategies that have been employed to ensure the sustainability of NIWF’s operations. Ms. Gole highlighted the importance of financial transparency and accountability, noting that the careful management of resources has enabled the organization to expand its reach and deepen its impact. 
Ms. Gole detailed the various funding streams that NIWF has secured over the past year, including grants from international donors, contributions from members, and revenue from fundraising activities. She also discussed the organization’s expenditures, which were primarily directed toward program implementation, capacity-building initiatives, and community outreach efforts. Additionally, she outlined the financial strategies that NIWF plans to adopt in the coming year, with a focus on diversifying funding sources and enhancing financial management practices to support the organization’s growth.
The AGM also addressed several important administrative matters, including the appointment of a new auditor to oversee the financial activities of the organization in the upcoming fiscal year. This decision was made to ensure that NIWF continues to uphold the highest standards of transparency and accountability in its financial reporting. The appointment of the new auditor was unanimously approved by the members, reflecting the organization’s commitment to maintaining the trust of its stakeholders. In addition to financial and administrative discussions, the meeting also provided an opportunity for members to reflect on the strategic goals and programmatic priorities for the next fiscal year. The discussion centered on the need to strengthen advocacy efforts for Indigenous rights, particularly in the areas of land rights, cultural preservation, and access to education and healthcare. Members also emphasized the importance of expanding NIWF’s partnerships with other organizations and stakeholders to amplify the impact of its work.
Following the successful first day, the National Indigenous Women Forum (NIWF) continued its impactful two-day training on August 10, 2024, focusing on the discussion and review of the Bhumlu Indigenous Workplan Policy with members of Bhumlu Rural Municipality. The second day of the training was facilitated by Ms. Dwarika Thebe, the Executive Director of NIWF, who brought her extensive experience and leadership to guide the sessions. 
The day began with a compelling presentation by Mr. Kamal Sampang Rai, who addressed the critical topic of biodiversity, particularly in the context of climate change. Mr. Rai's presentation shed light on how Nepal's rich biodiversity is being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change. He discussed the various ways in which rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and habitat loss are impacting flora and fauna across the country. What made Mr. Rai's presentation particularly engaging was his exploration of the deep connection between Indigenous Peoples and biodiversity. He emphasized that Indigenous communities have a profound understanding of their natural environment, which is rooted in centuries of traditional knowledge and practices. This knowledge not only helps preserve biodiversity but also offers sustainable ways to protect and manage natural resources. Mr. Rai’s insights highlighted the invaluable role that Indigenous Peoples play in the global effort to combat climate change and preserve biodiversity.
The discussion on climate change continued with an in-depth presentation by Mr. Bijay Kumar Singh, who focused on the specific impacts of climate change on Indigenous communities. Mr. Singh articulated how these communities are disproportionately affected by environmental changes, given their close relationship with the land and natural resources. He outlined several critical areas where climate change has disrupted traditional practices, including agriculture, fishing, and hunting. These disruptions have threatened food security, exacerbated poverty, and increased the vulnerability of Indigenous communities to natural disasters such as floods and landslides. Mr. Singh's presentation underscored the urgent need for targeted climate adaptation strategies that are culturally sensitive and community-driven, ensuring that Indigenous voices are central to policy-making processes.
The final presentation of the day was delivered by Mr. Hom Yamphu, who provided an informative overview of key international frameworks that are vital for safeguarding the rights of Indigenous communities. Mr. Yamphu focused on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), and ILO Convention 169. He explained how these international frameworks could be effectively integrated into the governance procedures of Bhumlu Rural Municipality. Mr. Yamphu discussed the relevance of each framework in protecting the rights of Indigenous Peoples, emphasizing how these international standards offer a robust foundation for local policies and practices. He also provided practical guidance on how local authorities could implement these frameworks, ensuring that the rights of Indigenous communities are respected and upheld.
The training concluded with heartfelt speeches from two representatives of Bhumlu Rural Municipality. They expressed their sincere gratitude to NIWF for organizing such a comprehensive and enlightening event. The representatives shared how the training had significantly deepened their understanding of CEDAW General Recommendation 39, as well as other critical international frameworks like UPR, CBD, UNDRIP, and ILO Convention 169.
The second day of the training was a resounding success, building on the momentum of Day 1 and leaving participants with a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities in advancing the rights of Indigenous Peoples. The event not only facilitated knowledge sharing but also strengthened the resolve of local leaders to implement policies that honor and protect the heritage, rights, and well-being of Indigenous communities.
